Physics Volume 2

Senior Contributing Authors

Samuel J. Ling, Truman State University
William Moebs, Formerly of Loyola Marymount University
Jeff Sanny, Loyola Marymount University


Contributing Authors

Gerald Friedman, Santa Fe Community College
Stephen D. Druger
Alice Kolakowska, University of Memphis
David Anderson, Albion College
Daniel Bowman, Ferrum College
Lev Gasparov, University of North Florida
Lee LaRue, Paris Junior College
Mark Lattery, University of Wisconsin
Richard Ludlow, Daniel Webster College
Patrick Motl, Indiana University Kokomo
Dedra Demaree, Georgetown University
Edw. S. Ginsberg, University of Massachusetts
David Smith, University of the Virgin Islands
Joseph Trout, Richard Stockton College
Kevin Wheelock, Bellevue College
Tao Pang, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Kenneth Podolak, Plattsburgh State University
Takashi Sato, Kwantlen Polytechnic University

Unit 1 Thermodynamics

Chapter 1 Temperature and Heat
o Introduction
o 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
o 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
o 1.3 Thermal Expansion
o 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
o 1.5 Phase Changes
o 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 2 The Kinetic Theory of Gases
o Introduction
o 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
o 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
o 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
o 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
o Introduction
o 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
o 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
o 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
o 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
o 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
o 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
o Introduction
o 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
o 4.2 Heat Engines
o 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
o 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
o 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
o 4.6 Entropy
o 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Unit 2 Electricity and Magnetism

Chapter 5 Electric Charges and Fields
o Introduction
o 5.1 Electric Charge
o 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
o 5.3 Coulomb's Law
o 5.4 Electric Field
o 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
o 5.6 Electric Field Lines
o 5.7 Electric Dipoles
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems

Chapter 6 Gauss's Law
o Introduction
o 6.1 Electric Flux
o 6.2 Explaining Gauss’s Law
o 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
o 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 7 Electric Potential
o Introduction
o 7.1 Electric Potential Energy
o 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
o 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
o 7.4 Determining Field from Potential
o 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
o 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 8 Capacitance
o Introduction
o 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
o 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
o 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
o 8.4 Capacitor with a Dielectric
o 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 9 Current and Resistance
o Introduction
o 9.1 Electrical Current
o 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
o 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
o 9.4 Ohm's Law
o 9.5 Electrical Energy and Power
o 9.6 Superconductors
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 10 Direct-Current Circuits
o Introduction
o 10.1 Electromotive Force
o 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
o 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
o 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
o 10.5 RC Circuits
o 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 11 Magnetic Forces and Fields
o Introduction
o 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
o 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
o 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
o 11.4 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
o 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
o 11.6 The Hall Effect
o 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 12 Sources of Magnetic Fields
o Introduction
o 12.1 The Biot-Savart Law
o 12.2 Magnetic Field Due to a Thin Straight Wire
o 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
o 12.4 Magnetic Field of a Current Loop
o 12.5 Ampère’s Law
o 12.6 Solenoids and Toroids
o 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 13 Electromagnetic Induction
o Introduction
o 13.1 Faraday’s Law
o 13.2 Lenz's Law
o 13.3 Motional Emf
o 13.4 Induced Electric Fields
o 13.5 Eddy Currents
o 13.6 Electric Generators and Back Emf
o 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 14 Inductance
o Introduction
o 14.1 Mutual Inductance
o 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
o 14.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field
o 14.4 RL Circuits
o 14.5 Oscillations in an LC Circuit
o 14.6 RLC Series Circuits
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 15 Alternating-Current Circuits
o Introduction
o 15.1 AC Sources
o 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
o 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
o 15.4 Power in an AC Circuit
o 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
o 15.6 Transformers
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems

Chapter 16 Electromagnetic Waves
o Introduction
o 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
o 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
o 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
o 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
o 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Chapter Review
 Key Terms
 Key Equations
 Summary
 Conceptual Questions
 Problems
 Additional Problems
 Challenge Problems